Hadoop 环境搭建

Hadoop

1.Configuration

Use the following:

• edit host
  edit the machine file /etc/hosts add hostname.

eg.  
192.168.137.128 skadoosh 
192.168.137.128 localhost

• Prepare to Start the Hadoop Cluster:
  edit the file etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh to define some parameters as follows:

# set to the root of your Java installation
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/latest

• etc/hadoop/core-site.xml:

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
        <value>hdfs://localhost:9000</value>
    </property>
	<property>
        <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
        <value>file:/home/test/tmp/</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>ha.zookeeper.quorum</name>
        <value>127.0.0.1:2181</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

• etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml:

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.replication</name>
        <value>1</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
        <value>file:/${hadoop.tmp.dir}/dfs/name</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
        <value>file:/${hadoop.tmp.dir}/dfs/data</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

Note:这个value要注意,后边应该是一个"/"(如：file:/home/test/tmp).

2.Execution

• Format the filesystem:
  $ bin/hdfs namenode -format
• Start NameNode daemon and DataNode daemon:
  $ sbin/start-dfs.sh

The hadoop daemon log output is written to the $HADOOP_LOG_DIR directory (defaults to $HADOOP_HOME/logs).

• Browse the web interface for the NameNode; by default it is available at:

  • NameNode - http://localhost:50070/

3.FileSystemShell

mkdir

Usage: hadoop fs -mkdir [-p]

Takes path uri’s as argument and creates directories.

Options:

The -p option behavior is much like Unix mkdir -p, creating parent directories along the path.

Example:

$ hadoop fs -mkdir /user/hadoop/dir1 /user/hadoop/dir2
$ hadoop fs -mkdir hdfs://nn1.example.com/user/hadoop/dir hdfs://nn2.example.com/user/hadoop/dir

Exit Code:

Returns 0 on success and -1 on error.

---

mv

Usage: hadoop fs -mv URI [URI …]

Moves files from source to destination. This command allows multiple sources as well in which case the destination needs to be a directory. Moving files across file systems is not permitted.

Example:

$ hadoop fs -mv /user/hadoop/file1 /user/hadoop/file2
$ hadoop fs -mv hdfs://nn.example.com/file1 hdfs://nn.example.com/file2 hdfs://nn.example.com/file3 hdfs://nn.example.com/dir1

Exit Code:

Returns 0 on success and -1 on error.

---

put

Usage: hadoop fs -put …

Copy single src, or multiple srcs from local file system to the destination file system. Also reads input from stdin and writes to destination file system.

$ hadoop fs -put localfile /user/hadoop/hadoopfile
$ hadoop fs -put localfile1 localfile2 /user/hadoop/hadoopdir
$ hadoop fs -put localfile hdfs://nn.example.com/hadoop/hadoopfile
$ hadoop fs -put - hdfs://nn.example.com/hadoop/hadoopfile Reads the input from stdin.

Exit Code:

Returns 0 on success and -1 on error.

---

rm

Usage: hadoop fs -rm [-f] [-r |-R] [-skipTrash] URI [URI …]

Delete files specified as args.

If trash is enabled, file system instead moves the deleted file to a trash directory (given by FileSystem#getTrashRoot).

Currently, the trash feature is disabled by default. User can enable trash by setting a value greater than zero for parameter fs.trash.interval (in core-site.xml).

See expunge about deletion of files in trash.

Options:

The -f option will not display a diagnostic message or modify the exit status to reflect an error if the file does not exist.
The -R option deletes the directory and any content under it recursively.
The -r option is equivalent to -R.
The -skipTrash option will bypass trash, if enabled, and delete the specified file(s) immediately. This can be useful when it is necessary to delete files from an over-quota directory.

Example:

$ hadoop fs -rm hdfs://nn.example.com/file /user/hadoop/emptydir

Exit Code:

Returns 0 on success and -1 on error.

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Hadoop安装完后，启动时报
Error: JAVA_HOME is not set and could not be found.

【解决办法】：修改/etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh中设JAVA_HOME。应当使用绝对路径。

export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_HOME //错误，不能这么改

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_45 //正确，应该这么改